Sustainability: An integral engineering design approach

The work described in this paper won an Engineering Award from the UNESCO and the United Nations. It qualified among the top 30 finalists from a pool of about 3200 engineering entries from the world's most prestigious universities in 89 countries, including Cambridge, Oxford, MIT, Stanford and Yale. This paper describes the methods employed in a sustainability project titled ‘Global Basic Needs in an Integrated Sustainable Approach’ submitted by the author to the UNESCO in agreement with the United Nations Millennium Goals and within their framework of the Mondialogo Engineering Award. A six-nation international jury of renowned leading scientists and engineers selected this project for a nomination award. While we all anxiously wait for science to provide the solutions to global warming and catastrophic climate change, a holistic engineering approach was used to halt pollution, and to provide sustainable shelter, clean water, energy, food and education to the global population. This approach can be used anywhere in the world and conceptualizes a revolutionary sustainability paradigm for present and future societies. This work is a contribution to the advancement of the science of sustainability everywhere on the planet.     

Electronic transformation of government in the U.K.: a research agenda

This paper presents the findings of an exploratory research project into future e-Government (electronic Government) initiatives. The Virtual Institute for Electronic Government Research (VIEGO) project aimed at identifying and further developing the research agenda of e-Government based on a solid practical ground. As such, the paper offers a novel methodology in identifying the road map for future e-Government initiatives based on a series of workshops organised around the U.K. hosting a mixture of stakeholders involving both academics and practitioners. The analysis of the VIEGO workshops depicted that an e-Government research agenda involves a combination of social, technological and organisational issues at both governmental and individual citizen level, ultimately driven by empirical case-based experience and active participation in e-Government processes. Unlike other propositions for the future of e-Government offered in the e-Government literature, it raised research questions not only originated from an analysis of e-Government literature but also on the outcome of brainstorming, reflections and contemplations throughout the duration of the project.     

保证便携式电脑音质的精巧电路

给出便携式电脑高品质音质的精巧电路.     

Characterization of soft magnetic nano-material deposited with M<Superscript>3</Superscript>D technology

Direct Write Technologies are being utilized in antennas, engineered structures, sensors, and tissue engineering. One form of Direct Write Technology is Maskless Mesoscale Material Deposition (M³D). The M³D process is a process that uses aerosol formation, transport and deposition. Inks for the M³D process utilize nano-particles in suspension for deposition. Soft magnetic material was formulated as an ink suspension, deposited and characterized. This paper will report on the results obtained after depositing the soft magnetic material. The results of the permeability are calculated from magnetic structures created with the deposition. These results are compared to conventional methods of soft magnetic material formation and construction.     

Random coding error exponent for dual-hop nakagami-m fading channels with amplify-and-forward relaying

We derive the random coding error exponent for dual-hop transmission over Nakagami-m fading channels with amplify-and-forward relaying. This information-theoretic measure allows us to determine the capacity and cutoff rate as well as to gain valuable insight into the inherent tradeoff between the communication reliability and transmission rate in such channels.     

Characterisation of melt‐processed poly(ethylene terephthalate)/synthetic mica nanocomposite sheet and its biaxial deformation behaviour

BACKGROUND: Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is widely used in the packaging industry. In order to enhance the mechanical and barrier properties, nanoscale fillers are added to PET matrices to form nanocomposites. In the work reported here, a melt‐processed PET/synthetic mica nanocomposite sheet was characterised to determine the effect of the incorporation of synthetic mica on the sheet properties and also to see if these properties are an indicator of subsequent performance under high‐speed, high‐temperature biaxial deformation, typical of processes such as stretch blow moulding. RESULTS: The incorporation of synthetic mica was found to enhance the modulus, particularly above the glass transition temperature, and barrier properties of the extruded sheet and it significantly altered the deformation behaviour of PET under biaxial deformation. The plastic flow of PET during biaxial deformation was found to diminish for the nanocomposites, and strain hardening occurred earlier. CONCLUSION: The modulus and barrier properties of PET were enhanced by the incorporation of synthetic mica. Clay loading also altered the biaxial deformation behaviour of PET. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

Predicted Loads in Steel Reinforced Soil Walls Using the AASHTO Simplified Method

The paper investigates the accuracy of the AASHTO simplified method by using load measurements reported in a large database of full-scale instrumented walls for bar mat, welded wire, and steel strip soil reinforced walls. The accuracy of the AASHTO simplified method is quantified by computing the mean and coefficient of variation of the ratio (bias) of measured loads under operational conditions to predicted loads. The paper shows that for steel strip walls, the AASHTO simplified method is reasonably accurate for granular backfill soils with friction angles less than 45°. For bar mat walls, the method is demonstrated to be slightly conservative. The simplified method underpredicts reinforcement loads at shallow overburden depths for steel strip walls with backfill friction angles greater than 45° due to compaction-related effects. It is concluded that these compaction-induced loads near the wall top do not contribute to internal instability due to pullout.     

Use of In Situ Air Flow Measurements to Study Permeability in Cracked Clay Soils

The work describes in situ measurements of crack induced permeability as a function of depth, (down to ～ 1.75?m), in clay soils at two field sites, using the gas flow technique described in an earlier study. The gas flow response to applied pressure was found to exhibit a significant nonlinearity at all depths indicating non-Darcian flow despite the fact that the flow was likely to be well within the laminar flow regime. Application of three-dimensional finite-element models to describe the gas flow revealed that the nonlinearity is likely to be an intrinsic behavior related to the soil-gas flow interaction. The Forchheimer compressible flow equation successfully simulated the behavior at all depths. The viscous and inertial permeability parameters obtained from this analysis showed a wide range of values which were closely correlated to the pore-water content of the soil medium, clearly showing the influence of ped swelling on the contraction of macrovoid channels in the structured clay soil.     

相信我们,这是最好的价钱!

你用任何方法来衡量,一个必须穿越整个大陆的电话呼叫,它的价格与打到这个街区的一部电话的价格怎么会是一样?